A type of reaction in which an electrophile replaces a functional group in a molecule, often occurring in aromatic compounds.

A laboratory technique used to separate charged molecules, such as DNA or proteins, based on their size and charge by applying an electric field.

A pure substance consisting of atoms with the same number of protons in their nuclei, characterized by its atomic number.

The genus of the Asian elephant, a large mammal native to Asia, known for its long trunk and large ears.

The process by which cells or tissues grow in length, commonly seen in the growth of plants and animal development.

A condition involving inflammation of the elytra, the hard, protective forewings of certain insects.

The dropping or loss of the elytra, often seen in certain insect species when they molt or are injured.

The narrowing or constriction of the elytra, which can affect the insect’s ability to fly or protect its wings.

The obstruction of a blood vessel by an embolus, which can be a clot, air bubble, or fat globule, leading to a disruption in blood flow.

The early developmental stage of an organism, following fertilization, during which cellular differentiation and organ formation occur.