A type of eye found in some arthropods, such as insects, composed of many individual photoreceptor units called ommatidia.

The lens of a microscope or other optical device through which the viewer looks to observe the object being magnified.

A light-sensitive region found in some simple organisms, such as protozoa, that helps detect light direction.

The offspring generation in a breeding experiment, usually denoted as F1, F2, etc.

A bacterial cell that lacks a fertility factor (F factor), meaning it cannot transfer genetic material through conjugation.

A genetic element in bacteria that allows the transfer of DNA between cells during conjugation, typically associated with plasmids.

A specialized appendage in bacteria that facilitates the process of conjugation by connecting donor and recipient cells.

A type of plasmid that carries the F factor in bacteria, enabling them to transfer DNA to other cells during conjugation.

A form of the F factor that contains bacterial chromosomal DNA in addition to the plasmid DNA.

A bacterial cell that contains the F factor and can transfer genetic material to other cells during conjugation.