The branch of science concerned with the immune system and its responses to pathogens and foreign substances.

Abbreviation for inner membrane protein or a mischievous supernatural being in folklore.

A flower that lacks either stamens or carpels, making it unisexual.

Fungi that do not have a known sexual reproductive stage, classified in the group Deuteromycota.

A form of learning where a young animal forms an attachment to the first moving object it sees; also refers to epigenetic marking of genes.

A laboratory technique used to detect specific nucleic acid sequences within fixed tissues or cells.

Latin for ‘in glass’; refers to processes or experiments performed outside of living organisms, typically in lab containers.

Latin for ‘within the living’; refers to processes or experiments performed inside a living organism.

A genetic disorder that results in an enzyme deficiency affecting the body’s metabolic pathways.

Breeding between closely related individuals, often leading to increased risk of genetic defects.