Proteins that are complexed with nucleic acids, forming structures like chromatin and ribosomes.

A compound consisting of a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) attached to a nitrogenous base, without a phosphate group.

A structural unit of chromatin, consisting of DNA wrapped around histone proteins, involved in the packaging of DNA in the nucleus.

The basic building block of nucleic acids, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

A pair of complementary nucleotides in a double-stranded DNA molecule, connected by hydrogen bonds (e.g., adenine-thymine, cytosine-guanine).

The central and most important part of a cell, containing the genetic material and controlling cell activities.

A type of marine gastropod mollusk, known for its brightly colored body and exposed gills.

A woman or female animal who has never given birth to a viable offspring.

A laboratory technique used to detect specific RNA sequences in a sample by hybridization with a labeled probe.

An antibiotic used primarily to treat bacterial infections, particularly in veterinary medicine.