A protein that forms the filament of flagella in bacteria, enabling the cell to move through its environment.

A long, whip-like structure used by some cells and organisms, including bacteria and sperm cells, for locomotion.

A specialized cell found in the excretory system of some invertebrates, such as flatworms, that helps remove waste through a ciliated structure.

DNA sequences located next to a gene or other genetic elements, often influencing the gene’s expression or function.

A type of invertebrate worm belonging to the phylum Platyhelminthes, characterized by a flat body structure.

Describing a yellow or yellowish color, often used in reference to plants or animals.

A coenzyme involved in redox reactions, playing a key role in cellular metabolism and energy production.

A coenzyme that is a derivative of riboflavin (vitamin B2), important in the electron transport chain of cells.

A group of plant compounds with antioxidant properties, often contributing to the color, taste, and health benefits of fruits and vegetables.

The plant life characteristic of a region, habitat, or geological period.