Referring to organisms, particularly plants, that grow on or among rocks.

A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, with a scale ranging from 0 (acidic) to 14 (basic).

A term used to describe a small, finger-like structure, typically referring to parts of a plant or an animal’s limb.

A plant that produces seeds, commonly referring to flowering plants and gymnosperms.

The study of seasonal biological events and their relationship to climate and environmental conditions.

The set of observable characteristics or traits of an organism, including morphology, development, and behavior.

A device that uses pheromones to attract and trap insects or other organisms for study or pest control.

A chemical substance released by an organism that affects the behavior or physiology of other members of the same species.

A suffix or root word meaning ‘loving’ or ‘attracted to,’ commonly used to describe organisms that thrive in particular conditions.

The vascular tissue in plants responsible for transporting the products of photosynthesis, mainly sugars, throughout the plant.