DNA that has lost its natural helical structure, typically due to heat or chemicals, making it less functional.

A branched projection of a neuron that receives signals from other cells and transmits them to the cell body.

A type of immune cell that processes antigen material and presents it on the surface to other immune cells, playing a key role in immunity.

A family of frogs, commonly known as poison dart frogs, famous for their bright colors and potent toxins.

The scientific method of dating tree rings to determine the age of trees and reconstruct past climate conditions.

The process of removing an amine group (-NH2) from a molecule, often from an amino acid in the liver during protein metabolism.

The removal of an amino group from a molecule, particularly in relation to nucleic acid metabolism.

The phase in the growth curve of bacterial populations where the number of dying cells exceeds the number of new cells being formed.

The rate at which individuals in a population die, typically expressed as a number per unit of time.

An enzyme that helps in the breakdown of complex carbohydrates, by removing branch points in glycogen or starch.